Nickel copper alloy tube

Nickel copper alloy tube

copper nickel tube is made from an alloy of copper that contains a high percentage of nickel. Apart from copper and nickel, there are other elements added to the alloy, such as iron or manganese. These serve the purpose of making the alloy stronger.

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Applications/uses of copper nickel tubes

In the past few years, copper nickel tubes have started to be used in more and more industries, give their high resistance to corrosion (especially in seawater). Copper nickel tubes are used in the following domains:

  • For the making of complex piping systems (high-pressure water heaters, sea water piping – ships)
  • As essential elements in heat exchangers (naval vessels)
  • For condensers
  • Seawater systems
  • Marine hardware
  • In the making of boats
  • In desalination plants (evaporators)
  • For power stations or thermal power plants
  • Offshore structures
  • For the building of air cooling zones.

Often times, copper nickel tubes are used in heat exchangers on naval vessels. Heat exchangers are actually represented by a set of tubes. These are mounted between tube plates. The whole ensemble is arranged so that it will fit under a protective coverage. The heat exchanger has special holes through which the gas/liquid can enter or exit. The main purpose is for the gas or liquid to be either cooled down or heated. Sometimes, the copper nickel tubes are cooled through internal processes (water-based). In such situations, each tube plate has a water box outside, for the cooling process.

Copper nickel tubes are used in heat exchangers that function through seawater cooling. There are several reasons why copper nickel tubes are chosen, including the high resistance to corrosion (especially since the cooling is done with seawater), the guaranteed strength and flexibility and the life-time resistance. Plus, copper nickel tubes are well known to be resistant against marine deposits, without their integrity being affected.

Returning to the main subject, it should be mentioned that there are two types of copper nickel tubes. The first is C70600 (90/10) and the second is C71500 (70/30). Both of these two types have different mechanical and chemical properties. The first one to have been developed is the 70/30 (1920), being used in condensers for naval vessels. The second is the 90/10 (1950), being used for seawater piping.

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Mechanical and chemical properties of copper nickel alloys

Mechanical and chemical properties of copper nickel alloys

Mechanical and chemical properties70/30 Copper Nickel90/10 Copper Nickel
Density8.94 g/cm38.94 g/cm3
Elastic modulus150 GPa140 GPa
Electrical conductivity5% IACS9% IACS
Elongation at break3-36%3-35%
Melting onset1170 °C1100 °C
Shear modulus57 GPa52 GPa
Specific heat capacity380 J/kg-K380 J/kg-K
Strength to weight ratio43-65 kN-m/kg39-63 kN-m/kg
Tensile strength (ultimate)380-580 MPa350-565 MPa
Tensile strength (yield)125-545 MPa63-90 MPa
Thermal conductivity29 W/m-K40 W/m-K
Thermal diffusivity912
Thermal expansion16.2 µm/m-K17.1 µm/m-K
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