The key elements of P11 pipes are carbon, manganese, phosphorous, sulfur, silicon, chromium and molybdenum. Its key components are chrome and moly that provide it with strength, resistance against wear, hardenability as well as corrosion resistance properties. It is also possible to heat treat this alloy. The chromium within the alloy increases its resistance to oxidation allowing it to be used in corrosive high-temperature environments. Molybdenum addition enhances strength and wear resistance.
These pipes are highly important for transformers and electric motors as this equipment use the magnetic properties of the P11 Alloy for certain tasks. Seamless pipes of this alloy have less roughness which is important for certain sensitive applications. The ASTM A335 P11 pipes are majorly used in the oil and gas, petrochemical, and power generation industries.
Grade | UNS Designation A | Carbon | Manganese | Phosphorus, max | Sulfur, max | Silicon | Chromium | Molybdenum | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P1 | K11597 | 0.05-0.15 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50-1.00 | 1.00-1.50 | 0.44–0.65 | -- |
Grade | Tensile strength, min: | Yield strength, min: | Elongation Requirements | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
KSI | MPa | KSI | MPa | Longitudinal | Transverse | |
P1 | 60 | 415 | 30 | 205 | 30 | 20 |
All pipes shall be reheated for heat treatment and heat-treated by the requirements of Table 2.
TABLE 2 Heat Treatment Requirements A
Grade | Heat Treat Type | Normalizing Temperature, min or range °F [°C] | Cooling Media | Subcritical Annealing or Tempering Temperature, min or range °F [°C] |
---|---|---|---|---|
P1 | full or isothermal anneal or | -- | -- | -- |
normalize and temper or | -- | -- | 1200 [675] |
A Where ellipses (--) appear in this table there is no requirement.
1) For pipe ordered to NPS [DN] or outside diameter, variations in outside diameter shall not exceed those specified in Table 6.
2) For pipe ordered to inside diameter, the inside diameter shall not vary more than +/- 1 % from the specified inside diameter.
NPC [DN] Designator | Over | Under | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
in. | mm | in. | mm | |
1/2 to 1 1/2 [6 to 40],incl. | 1/64 (0.015) | 0.40 | 1/64 (0.015) | 0.40 |
Over 1/2 to 4 [40 to 100],incl. | 1/32 (0.031) | 0.79 | 1/32 (0.031) | 0.79 |
Over 4 to 8 [100 to 200],incl. | 1/16 (0.031) | 0.79 | 1/16 (0.031) | 0.79 |
Over 8 to 12 [200 to 300],incl. | 3/32 (0.031) | 0.79 | 1/32 (0.031) | 0.79 |
Over 12 [300] | ± 1% of specified outside diameter |
In addition to the implicit limitation of wall thickness for pipe imposed by the limitation on weight in Specification A999/A999M, the wall thickness for pipe at any point shall be within the tolerances specified in Table 7. The minimum wall thickness and outside diameter for inspection for compliance with this requirement for pipe ordered by NPS [DN] and schedule number is shown in ASME B36.10M.
NPS [DN] Designator | Tolerance, % form Specified | |
---|---|---|
Over | Under | |
1/8 to 2 1/2 [6 to 65] incl., all t/D ratios A | 20.0 | 12.5 |
Above 2 1/2[65], t/D<=5%A | 22.5 | 12.5 |
Above 2 1/2[65], t/D>5%A | 15.0 | 12.5 |
A t= Specified Wall Thikness; D=Specified Outer Diameter.
The pipes need to be Hydro tested as per ASTM A530.
Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test, Hardness Test, and Flattening or Bend Test
Certification and test reports, as described in Section 25 of Specification A999/A999M, are required.
16.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification A999/A999M, the marking shall include the length, the schedule number, if the pipe is ordered to a schedule number, and the heat number or manufacturer’s number by which the heat can be identified. An additional symbol “S”, if the pipe conforms to any of the Supplementary Requirements S1 to S6, The marking may be by stenciling, stamping, or rolling at manufacture’s option.
Furthermore, the marking designated in below table to indicate the test method(s) shall be included.
Marking to indicate the test method(s) | ||
---|---|---|
Hydrostatic | Non Destructive | Marking |
YES | NO | Test Pressure |
NO | YES | NDE |
NO | NO | NH |
YES | YES | Test Pressure/NDE |
NDE can be any of the following: Ultrasonic / Flux Leakage / Eddy Current
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